Upsc Current Affairs 19 July 2023:
1) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 2 – Government Policies and Interventions for Development in various sectors
Why in News:
The National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) progress review report for 2023 released by NITI Aayog is in the news.
Details:
The report assesses India’s progress in reducing multidimensional poverty based on the latest National Family Health Survey data.
It represents India’s efforts in poverty reduction between the years mentioned.
The report highlights a decline in the number of multidimensionally poor individuals and a reduction in the intensity of poverty.
The indicators related to health, education, and standard of living showed statistically significant reductions.
Improvement in nutrition, education, sanitation, and cooking fuel contributed to the reduction in multidimensional poverty.
States like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Rajasthan witnessed the fastest reduction in the proportion of multidimensional poor.
Schemes such as Swachh Bharat Mission, Jal Jeevan Mission, Poshan Abhiyan, and others played a significant role.
2) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 3 – Indian Economy and Issues relating to Planning, Mobilization, of Resources
Why in News:
The Financial Stability Board (FSB) finalizing a global regulatory framework for crypto-asset activities is in the news.
Details:
The regulatory framework aims to promote comprehensive and consistent regulation of crypto-assets and stablecoins.
It incorporates learnings from events in the crypto-asset markets.
The framework provides recommendations for the regulation, supervision, and oversight of crypto-asset activities and markets, including global stablecoin arrangements (GSCs).
Recommendations have been strengthened in areas such as safeguarding client assets, addressing conflicts of interest, and enhancing cross-border cooperation.
The framework ensures international consistency in regulatory and supervisory approaches.
3) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 2 – Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors
Why in News:
Advance Authorisation Scheme is implemenmted by directorate of directorate general of foreign trade.
Details:
The Advance Authorisation Scheme enables duty-free import of inputs utilized in the production of export goods. This scheme supports Indian exporters by reducing the cost of importing essential inputs, such as packaging materials, fuel, oil, and catalysts.
It enhances the competitiveness of Indian exporters by enabling duty-free import of necessary inputs.
The DGFT is responsible for implementing and overseeing the Advance Authorisation Scheme.
4) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 3 – Environment
Why in News:
Andhra Pradesh releasing Gambusia fish into water bodies to combat mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and dengue is in the news.
Details:
Gambusia affinis, native to the southeastern United States, is released to control mosquito populations.
Gambusia fish feed on mosquito larvae, reducing their numbers in water bodies.
This approach is part of integrated vector management strategies to curb the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.
The release of Gambusia fish is aimed at reducing the prevalence of diseases like malaria and dengue.
5) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 3 – Environment
Why in News:
Steel slag, a by-product of steel manufacturing, is in the news.
Details:
Steel slag has potential uses in construction, road infrastructure, and as a raw material in cement production.
It can be recycled and utilized, reducing waste and minimizing environmental impact.
Utilizing steel slag contributes to sustainable practices in the steel industry and helps conserve natural resources.
6) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 2 – Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors
Why in News:
The historic milestone agreement among 138 countries and jurisdictions to implement global tax reforms is in the news.
Details:
The OECD launched the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project in 2015 to prevent tax evasion and corporate tax avoidance.
Pillar one of the agreement aims to reallocate 25% of profits of large multinational enterprises (MNEs) to market jurisdictions where their users and customers are located.
Pillar two ensures that large MNEs pay at least a global minimum tax (GMT) rate of 15%.
The implementation of this global tax reform will come into effect from next year and contribute to preventing profit shifting and promoting tax fairness.
7) Relation to UPSC Syllabus: GS 2 – Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors
Why in News:
The MoU between Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare (MoA&FW) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for enhancing agricultural schemes is in the news.
Details:
The collaboration is expected to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of these schemes, benefiting farmers.
UNDP’s expertise in systems and global agricultural practices will be utilized to support the Ministry of Agriculture in implementing combined agriculture credit and crop insurance.
This partnership highlights the government’s focus on adopting best practices and leveraging international knowledge for agricultural development.
PMFBY provides comprehensive insurance coverage against crop failure, stabilizing farmers’ income and protecting them from financial losses due to natural calamities, pests, or diseases.
The scheme covers various crops, including food, oilseed, commercial, and horticultural crops with available yield data.
Farmers availing Crop Loan/Kisan Credit Card (KCC) accounts pay a prescribed premium based on the type of crops.
The Government of India shares a substantial portion of the premium subsidy, promoting uptake in different regions.
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